中式浪漫:外媒如何科普冬奥闭幕式的“折柳”?
昨夜,北京冬奥会迎来尾声。
本届冬奥会,中国体育代表团获得9金4银2铜共15枚奖牌,金牌数和奖牌数均创历史新高,位列奖牌榜第三名。
在北京鸟巢体育场,中国为全世界人民呈现了一场精彩纷呈的闭幕式。
雪花的故事由开幕式延续至闭幕式,最后化作孩子们手上的灯笼,照亮未来。
流光溢彩的舞台效果,展现科技感的同时不失艺术美感。
闭幕式最后,灿烂夺目的焰火为闭幕式划上圆满的句号,也向世界展现了“天下一家,世界大同”的美好寓意。
看完闭幕式,很多网友表示被冰墩墩的告别镜头给整破防了。
还有许多人被浪漫的《折柳寄情》(Bidding Farewell with a Willow Twig)深深吸引。
“折柳”究竟有着怎样的深意呢?许多外媒对此进行了解读。
路透社(Reuters)表示:
Later, a group of 365 people bade farewell with a glowing green willow twig, enacting a traditional Chinese gesture of regret over parting.
随后,由365人组成的团队用一根发光的绿柳枝进行告别,这是中国传统手势,用来表达惜别之情。
英国体育网站 Insidethegames 从冬奥会的角度做了解读:
"A Willow Twig" was the centre of the Moment of Remembrance section of the Ceremony, with it representing two friends parting and the struggles during the ongoing pandemic.
柳枝是闭幕式缅怀时刻环节的重点,它代表着两个好友的离别和面对疫情所做的努力。
In its place was the return of spring, focusing on moving forward and the positives in a post-pandemic world.
正值春回大地之时,寓意一切向前发展,积极面对后疫情时代。
在一众外媒报道中,美国全国广播公司(NBC)脱颖而出。不仅提到了“柳”在汉语中同“留”同音,也解释了它 “a bittersweet goodbye” 的寓意。
The willow twig is a part of the willow tree, and in Chinese, the character for the willow tree is a homophone of the character liu, which means asking a person to stay when bidding farewell. Thus it symbolizes the sorrow of separation. In ancient days, when two friends part, the traveling party will always receive a willow twig as a gift.
柳枝是柳树的一部分,在汉语中,柳树的“柳”字是“留”字的同音字,“留”的意思是在告别时请人留下。因此,它象征着分离的悲伤。在古代,两个朋友分别之际,远行的一方总是会收到一根柳枝作为礼物。
知识点
1. homophone 可以拆分为homo+phone
homo-是一个常见前缀,表示“同类的”
例:homogeneous adj. 由同种族人组成的;由同类组成的
homophone /'hɒməfəʊn/ 指:a word that sounds the same as another but is different in spelling, meaning, or origin. 同音异形异义词
比如,英文中的 knew 和 new 就属于 homophones
这段话中提到的“柳”和“留”便是同音异形异义词
2. 文中 bid farewell 是“告别”的意思
① bid /bɪd/
在这个短语中,bid 是动词,指:to give a greeting to someone, or to ask someone to do something
打招呼,致意;请求
用法:
bid sb good afternoon/good morning etc to greet someone 祝某人下午好/早安等
例句:
They bade her good morning.
他们向她道了早安。
She bade her hopes farewell (= she stopped being hopeful).
她已不抱什么希望了。
另外,它还有“〔尤指拍卖时〕出(价)”的意思,此时既可作动词,也可作名词。
例句:
She bid £100 for a Victorian chair. (作动词)
她出价 100 英镑买一把维多利亚时代的椅子。
I made a bid of $150 for the painting. (作名词)
我出价150美元买这幅画。
② farewell /feə'wel/ 指 the act of saying goodbye to somebody 告别
既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词
例句:
farewell party/dinner/drink 欢送派对/晚宴/酒会
Mourners gathered to bid farewell to the victims of the plane tragedy.
哀悼者赶来向空难受害者告别。
She said her farewells and left.
她道了别后便离开了。
The athletes were met with success, disappointments and historic memories, but now it is time to depart. For the closing ceremony of the Beijing Olympics, it was only fitting that the willow twig would be incorporated into the ceremony as the athletes depart to their respective countries.
运动员们经历了成功、失望,收获了具有历史性意义的记忆,但现在是时候分别了。在北京冬奥会的闭幕式上,运动员启程返回各自的国家时,将柳枝融入到闭幕式中是再合适不过了。
The performers beautifully interacted with a LED floor to show imagery of the willow, one that showed the emotional symbolism of “a bittersweet goodbye."
表演者与LED地板进行了完美的互动,呈现了柳树的意象,而柳树蕴含着“苦乐参半之告别”的情感象征意义。
知识点
1. It is only fitting (that)...
是个强调句型,指“……是最合适的”
例句:
It is only fitting that Simon propose the first toast tonight.
今晚让西蒙第一个祝酒是最合适的。
fitting /'fɪtɪŋ/ 做形容词时,指:right for a particular situation or occasion合适的,恰当的
同义词是appropriate
例句:
I thought the memorial was a fitting tribute to the President.
我认为这座纪念碑恰如其分地表达了对总统的敬意。
a fitting end to what was a memorable trip 一次难忘旅行的恰当收尾
2. 你知道“苦中带乐”的英文表达吗?
文中用了 bittersweet 这个词。
① bittersweet /'bɪtəswi:t/ 指:feelings, memories, or experiences that are bittersweet are happy and sad at the same time 〔情感、记忆或经历等〕苦乐参半的,既有痛苦又有甜蜜的
例句:
Vincent Van Gogh seemed made for a bittersweet Hollywood biopic.
梵高仿佛就是为一部五味杂陈的好莱坞传记影片而生。
② 另外,它也可以用来形容味道,指 tasting both bitter and sweet 苦中带甜的
相当于semisweet /ˌsemɪˈswiːt/
例句:
a wine with a bittersweet flavour
又苦又甜的葡萄酒
bittersweet chocolate 指的是dark chocolate,即“(未加牛奶的)纯巧克力,黑巧克力”。
关于《折柳寄情》,张艺谋导演本人也做了自己的解读。
他表示中国人表达死亡的方式更加乐观向上:
“中国人对于逝者常说的一句话叫‘一路走好’,我们的生命观就是如此,在纪念逝者、缅怀逝者的同时,我们常常会擦干眼泪,活着的人还是要好好活着。”
“我们特别把光调成绿色的,意味着生命、希望和成长,我们没有太多的悲伤,更多的是一种深沉的纪念。绿色的希望重新升起,一切都要向前看,这是一种完全不同的情怀。”
细心的朋友会发现,在咱们中国古代诗歌中,柳树常常出现在离别的场景中。
比如:
昔我往矣,杨柳依依。
今我来思,雨雪霏霏。
When I left here,
Willows shed tear.
I come back now,
Snow bends the bough.
(诗经《采薇》 许渊冲译)
袅袅古堤边,青青一树烟。
若为丝不断,留取系郎船。
Your long, long branches wave by riverside;
Your green, green leaves like wreaths of smoke afloat.
“Make ropes unbreakable of them”, she sighed,
“To tie up my beloved one’s parting boat! ”
(雍裕之《江边柳》 许渊冲译)
其实,在西方,柳树也具有象征意义:
A willow branch or leaves traditionally symbolized grief or unrequited love. In Othello, Desdemona sings the mournful ‘willow song’, about a maid forsaken by her lover, shortly before she is murdered.
柳枝或柳叶传统上象征着悲伤或单相思。在《奥赛罗》中,苔丝狄蒙娜唱着悲伤的“柳树之歌”,歌曲讲的是一个女仆在被杀害前不久遭到爱人抛弃的故事。
有个和 willow 相关的习语 wear the (green) willow,它有两个含义:
① grieve for the loss of a loved one. 为失去所爱而感到悲伤
② suffer unrequited love. 犯单相思
例句:
My grandmother has been wearing the (green) willow ever since my grandfather died.
在我爷爷去世后,我的奶奶一直悲伤度日。
I wore the (green) willow after my true love married another man.
在我的真爱嫁给另一个男人后,我犯了单相思。
另外,还有个很有意思的习语 willow in the wind,它表示:
Someone who is inconsistent in their beliefs and easily influenced to change them. 信仰不一致、容易受到影响而改变信仰的人。
有时可翻译成咱们中文里的“墙头草”。
例句:
Julia has always been a willow in the wind—we can definitely get her to side with us on this.
朱丽亚一直是个墙头草——在这件事上我们一定可以让她站在我们这边。
文章最后有个问题想考考大家:
“有朋自远方来,迎客相见。天涯海角惜别,垂柳相送。”
这句话要怎么翻译呢?
欢迎评论区留言!
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